Is not aware that a crime has been committed against her person.

Believes his threats to kill her and the children if she tries to leave.

Is not firmly convinced of her right to be free from assault.

Is economically dependent.

Fears losing custody of children.

Fears that if she leaves without her children, she will be accused of abandoning them or that the father may hurt them in her absence.

Fears father may kidnap children and she may never see them again.

Fears emotional damage to children.

Fears retaliation.

Fears court involvement.

Fears that husband is not able to survive alone due to his emotional dependence.

Fears loneliness.

Is insecure about potential independence and lack of emotional support.

Feels guilty about failure of marriage.

Feels cultural and religious constraints.

Experiences social isolation,

Believes partner will change.

Lacks alternative housing.

Has low self-esteem.

Believes myths about battering relationships.

Is a traditionalist about home and believes in family unity and prescribed sex role stereotypes.